The symposium »The African Human Fossil Record» in 2014 took place on 26-27 of September at Toulouse, France. This post summarizes a selection of topics presented in this meeting, in alphabetical order per author. By the way… look at the event logo on the right, really nice!

Beaudet A. et al

Some on-going studies try to determine the chronology of key sites in the Crandle of Humankind:

• Swartkrans (first place where the co-ocurrence of early Homo and Paranthropus was recognized).
• Kroomdraai (which yielded the type specimen of Paranthropus TM 1517).
• Makapansgat (deposits of Australopithecus africanus remains dating to 3.0-2.6 MYA).

The initial results of the study show that Kromdraai dating could be closer to Makapansgat, thus older than previously thought, and that the deposits of Swartkrans are younger than 2 Ma.  Sigue leyendo →

The 4th annual meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution (ESHE) took place in Florence, Italy (Sep 18th-20th). This is one of the top conferences we can see in Europe for this field.

Below is a summary of a selection of topics presented in the meeting.

Arsuaga, Juan Luis:

Hominins from Sima de los Huesos site in Atapuerca are 430 KY old. Most of the other European Middle Pleistocene fossils are apparently younger, including specimens that look more primitive than Sima. If the ancestral stem group of neandertal & sapiens survived after the Neandertal lineage branched off, then a primitive morphology could still be found in fossils that are younger than the derived ones. Current age of Petralona is clearly underestimated. Arago is a bit older and more primitive than Sima.

Bayle, Priscilla et al:

A new Neandertal mandible was discovered (2013) in Sirogne Cave (France). The minimum number of individuals found in that cave is four.

Benazzi, Stefano et al:

Taurodontism is a condition found in the molar teeth whereby the body of the tooth and pulp chamber is enlarged vertically at the expense of the roots. This affects to 1% of modern humans but is quite frequent in Neandertals, due to three possible hypothesis: biomechanical advantage, adaptation to a high attrition diet, genetic drift effects. Finite Element Analysis modelling to the Le Moustier 1 specimen was run to test the first hypothesis, showing that enlarged pulpar chambers do not modify the biomechanical properties of the molars.  Sigue leyendo →

Some notes put together into a nice ppt format – collected from various reads and courses in 2013.